{"id":840,"date":"2025-07-28T14:23:46","date_gmt":"2025-07-28T14:23:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nurlandroid.com\/?p=840"},"modified":"2025-07-28T14:23:47","modified_gmt":"2025-07-28T14:23:47","slug":"%d0%be%d1%82%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b8%d1%8f-art-%d0%be%d1%82-dalvik","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nurlandroid.com\/?p=840","title":{"rendered":"\u041e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u044f ART \u043e\u0442 Dalvik"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 Dalvik \u0438 ART?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
<\/th>Dalvik<\/th>ART (Android Runtime)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
\u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f<\/td>\u0414\u043e Android 4.4 (\u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e)<\/td>\u0421 Android 5.0+ (Lollipop)<\/td><\/tr>
\u0422\u0438\u043f<\/td>\u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 + JIT<\/strong><\/td>AOT-\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440 + JIT (\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
\u0426\u0435\u043b\u044c<\/td>\u0412\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c .dex<\/code>-\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0434<\/td>\u0422\u043e\u0436\u0435 .dex<\/code>, \u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0435 \u0438 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0435<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u041a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u044f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1. \u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044f: JIT vs AOT<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
<\/th>Dalvik<\/th>ART<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
JIT (Just-In-Time)<\/td>\u0422\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e JIT<\/td>JIT, \u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441 AOT<\/td><\/tr>
AOT (Ahead-Of-Time)<\/td>\u041d\u0435\u0442<\/td>\u0414\u0430 (\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 .dex<\/code> => .oat<\/code> \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0435)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0420\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • Dalvik: \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • ART: \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442<\/strong> \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 => \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0435<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    2. \u0421\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
    <\/th>Dalvik<\/th>ART<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    \u0417\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a<\/td>\u0411\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0435 (\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0435 apk)<\/td>\u041c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0435 (\u0442.\u043a. AOT \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044f)<\/td><\/tr>
    \u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/td>\u041c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0435<\/td>\u0411\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0435 (\u0443\u0436\u0435 native \u043a\u043e\u0434)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    \u041f\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c ART:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • .dex<\/code> => .oat<\/code> (native)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • .oat<\/code> \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \/data\/dalvik-cache\/<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u0421 Android 9+ \u2014 dex2oat<\/code> \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c (JIT+Profile Guided)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      3. GC (Garbage Collector)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      <\/th>Dalvik<\/th>ART<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
      \u0422\u0438\u043f\u044b<\/td>Stop-the-world<\/td>Concurrent GC, Generational GC, G1GC<\/td><\/tr>
      \u041e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/td>\u041c\u0430\u043b\u043e<\/td>\u041c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e (\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0441 Android 8+)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      ART \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 GC<\/strong>, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      • \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 UI<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        4. \u041e\u0442\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • ART \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/strong> \u0434\u043b\u044f JIT-\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 JVMTI<\/strong> (debug \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432 JVM)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u041b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0441 Systrace<\/code>, Perfetto<\/code>, Profile Installer<\/code> \u0438 \u0442.\u0434.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          \u0413\u0434\u0435 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
          \u0424\u0430\u0439\u043b<\/th>Dalvik<\/th>ART<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
          \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0434<\/td>.dex<\/code> \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 .apk<\/code><\/td>.dex<\/code> \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 .apk<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
          \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/td>JIT-\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0435<\/td>AOT-\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0432 .oat<\/code> \u0438\u043b\u0438 .vdex<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
          \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f<\/td>\u043d\u0435\u0442<\/td>\/data\/dalvik-cache\/<\/code> \u0438 \/system\/framework\/<\/code><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          \u0427\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 Dalvik \u0438 ART? Dalvik ART (Android Runtime) \u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0414\u043e Android 4.4 (\u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e) \u0421 Android 5.0+ (Lollipop) \u0422\u0438\u043f \u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 + JIT AOT-\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440 + JIT (\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439) \u0426\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0412\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c .dex-\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0422\u043e\u0436\u0435 .dex, \u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0435 \u0438 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u041a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u044f 1. \u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044f: JIT vs AOT Dalvik ART JIT (Just-In-Time) \u0422\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e JIT JIT, \u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441 AOT […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-840","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-android"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nurlandroid.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/840","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nurlandroid.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nurlandroid.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nurlandroid.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nurlandroid.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=840"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/nurlandroid.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/840\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":841,"href":"https:\/\/nurlandroid.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/840\/revisions\/841"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nurlandroid.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=840"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nurlandroid.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=840"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nurlandroid.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=840"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}